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Nature: Science Update
Burger bug genome revealed"Researchers tackling the killer bacterium Escherichia coli O157:H7 now have something meaty to chew on — the bug's full genome sequence."
"An unusual feature of the newly unravelled genome sequence is the presence of 'DNA islands'. These are sections of DNA unique to E. coli O157:H7 and are scattered throughout its genome. Other DNA islands are found only in the benign laboratory strain."
""The sheer magnitude of the differences was totally shocking to us," says lead author Nicole Perna, an assistant professor of animal health and biomedical sciences. "We couldn't just zoom in on areas of difference between the two species. The changes were scattered throughout."
The two strains of E. coli share about 3,500 common genes. But the O157:H7 strain had 1,300 additional genes that were not found in the harmless strain. The benign "cousin" bacteria also had 530 unique genes that were not shared with O157:H7.
"This is a very 'plastic' genome, it changes quite rapidly," Perna says. "What this tells us is over a relatively short time on an evolutionary time scale, on the order of five million years, you get tremendous variation in the DNA of two similar organisms.""
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“Bioinformatics will be at the core of biology in the 21st century. In fields ranging from structural biology to genomics to biomedical imaging, ready access to data and analytical tools are fundamentally changing the way investigators in the life sciences conduct research and approach problems. Complex, computationally intensive biological problems are now being addressed and promise to significantly advance our understanding of biology and medicine. No biological discipline will be unaffected by these technological breakthroughs.”
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